為了讓大家在用英文郵件（或外貿(mào)開發(fā)信）溝通新冠肺炎疫情時(shí)可以顯得更加專業(yè)和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，紅板磚歸納整理了你可能會(huì)使用到的英文單詞或短語。（部分內(nèi)容來自中國翻譯研究院，供業(yè)界及相關(guān)人員參考使用）

提示：下面這個(gè)列表我們將持續(xù)增加和更新，請(qǐng)大家持續(xù)關(guān)注。

另外紅板磚還為你準(zhǔn)備了一些新型冠狀病毒肺炎Coronavirus疫情下的外貿(mào)開發(fā)信模板。

疫病名稱

1. coronavirus 新型冠狀病毒

2. COVID-19 2019冠狀病毒病

3. SARS-CoV-2 嚴(yán)重急性呼吸綜合征冠狀病毒2

4. pneumonia 肺炎

5. NCP (Novel coronavirus pneumonia) 新型冠狀病毒肺炎（新冠肺炎英文簡稱）

6. severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 嚴(yán)重急性呼吸綜合征（非典）

7. severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) 嚴(yán)重急性呼吸道感染

8. acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) 急性呼吸窘迫綜合征

9. Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) 中東呼吸綜合征

傳染防控

1. Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) 國際關(guān)注的突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件

2. pandemic 全球大流行

3. COVID-19 pandemic 冠狀病毒病全球大流行

4. outbreak 疫情大爆發(fā)

5. Coronavirus outbreak 冠狀病毒病爆發(fā)

6. epicenter 疫情中心

7. human-to-human transmission 或 person-to-person transmission人傳人

8. vaccine 疫苗

9. affected area 疫區(qū)

10. quarantine 隔離 (under quarantine 或者 someone is quarantined)

11. incubation period 潛伏期

12. Coronavirus can lie dormant for 14 days 新型冠狀病毒肺炎有14天的潛伏期

13. confirmed case 確診病例

14. suspected case 疑似病例

15. patient in critical condition 重癥患者

16. close contact 密切接觸者

17. be under medical observation 接受醫(yī)院觀察

18. droplet transmission 飛沫傳播

19. fatality rate 病死率

20. death toll 死亡總數(shù)

21. epidemic prevention and control 疫情防控

22. imported case 輸入性病例

23. secondary infection case 二代病例

24. asymptomatic infection 隱性感染

25. clinical tests 臨床檢驗(yàn)

26. isolation ward 隔離病房

27. observation ward 觀察室

28. fecal-oral transmission 糞口傳播

29. prevention and control of the virus 防疫

30. direct contact 直接接觸

31. indirect contact 間接接觸

32. to monitor body temperature 監(jiān)測(cè)體溫

33. to check body temperature 體溫檢測(cè)

34. to quarantine yourself in your home / self-monitored quarantine 自我隔離

35. to wear a mask 戴口罩

36. to wash your hands often / carefully 勤洗手/仔細(xì)洗手

37. disinfection 消毒

38. avoid crowds 避免去人多的地方

器具名稱

1. face mask / facial mask / facemask / mask 口罩

2. N95 mask/respirator N95口罩

3. surgical mask 醫(yī)用外科口罩

4. disposable gloves 一次性手套

5. protective clothing / suits 防護(hù)服

6. goggles 護(hù)目鏡

7. infrared thermometer 紅外體溫測(cè)量儀

8. thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring 體溫檢測(cè)熱像儀

9. diagnostic tool / kit 診斷器具

10. disinfectant / antiseptic solution 消毒液

11. disinfectant / antiseptic wipes 消毒濕巾

12. alcohol-based hand rub/sanitizer 含酒精洗手液

13. protective suit 防護(hù)服

14. negative pressure ambulance 負(fù)壓救護(hù)車

15. medical supplies 醫(yī)療物資

16. urgently needed materials 緊缺物資

政策舉措

1. the lockdown of a city / a city is on lockdown 封城

2. first-level public health emergency response 重大突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件一級(jí)響應(yīng)

3. Public Health Emergency of International Concern（PHEIC）國際關(guān)注的突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件

4. shortage of medical supplies 醫(yī)療物資緊缺

5. daily necessities 日常基本生活物資

6. cross-border procurement 跨境采購

7. to stock up on food 囤積食物

機(jī)構(gòu)、職業(yè)群體和場(chǎng)所名稱

1. WHO (World Health Organization) 世界衛(wèi)生組織（世衛(wèi)組織）

2. Leading Group of the CPC Central Committee for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control 中央應(yīng)對(duì)新型冠狀病毒感染肺炎疫情工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組（中央應(yīng)對(duì)疫情工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組）

3. National Health Commission （NHC）中國國家衛(wèi)生健康委員會(huì)（衛(wèi)健委）

4. Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) 中國疾病預(yù)防控制中心（中國疾控中心）

5. National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA) 國家醫(yī)療保障局（國家醫(yī)保局）

6. medical institution 醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)

7. health institution 衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)

8. medical practitioner / healthcare professional 醫(yī)療從業(yè)者

9. medical personnel / health workforce / health workers 醫(yī)療人員

10. frontline health workers 一線醫(yī)護(hù)人員

11. Zhong Nanshan, a prominent Chinese expert in respiratory diseases (and a hero of the 2003 fight against SARS) 鐘南山

12. designated hospitals 定點(diǎn)醫(yī)院

13. fever clinic 發(fā)熱門診

14. intensive care unit (ICU) 重癥監(jiān)護(hù)病房

15. quarantine office 檢疫所

16. pharmacy / drugstore 藥店

其他表述

遏制

要表達(dá)“遏制”（疫情傳播）可以用contain、stem、halt和curb：

We are confident in our ability to contain the spread of the virus.

In an effort to stem the spread of the virus from its suspected origin, transport bans were instituted in some cities.

People are encouraged to wear masks to halt the spread of the novel coronavirus.

The Government on Monday (Jan 27) announced a slew of further measures to urb the spread of the Wuhan coronavirus in the Republic.

延長假期 / 延期開學(xué)

School return was postponed.

China has extended the Lunar New Year holiday until Sunday; on Tuesday it was announced that the start of the next semester for schools and universities across the country would be postponed.

表示“傳播”的詞有spread、transmit、pass

1. spread、transmit和pass都可作為不及物動(dòng)詞

Many of the respiratory viruses that spread amongst humans do transmit even in the absence of symptoms, including influenza and other cold viruses. They are carried into the air during normal breathing and talking by the infected person.

It is known that this virus can pass from one to another through close physical contact.

2. spread、transmit和pass也都可作為及物動(dòng)詞

Other respiratory infections such as measles and influenza can both be spread, without the infected person showing symptoms.

Coronaviruses are zoonotic, which means they are transmitted between animals and people.

More and more evidence suggests that it can be passed by droplets that spread face to face by a cough or sneeze directly on the face from one to another as was SARS.

3. spread可以加上ing變成名詞

If symptomless spreading is confirmed, it would not be too surprising.

4. spread本身也可以作為名詞使用

WHO Director-General is confident in China’s ability to control and contain the spread of the virus.

5. 有時(shí)我們也可以用其他詞來形象的表達(dá)，比如：jump。

The coronavirus is a zoonotic disease, meaning it jumps from animals to humans.

endemic vs epidemic vs pandemic

endemic、epidemic和pandemic是流行病學(xué)里的三個(gè)常見的概念，它們是outbreak的三種類型，我們可以從持續(xù)時(shí)間和影響范圍這兩個(gè)方面來區(qū)別。

持續(xù)時(shí)間

endemic持續(xù)時(shí)間較長，比較穩(wěn)定，不會(huì)突然消失，表現(xiàn)其特點(diǎn)的英文表達(dá)有：occurs at a predictable rate、remain at a steady state。

epidemic和pandemic一樣，持續(xù)時(shí)間較短，起病快、傳播迅速，但又突然消失，相關(guān)的英文表達(dá)有：rapidly spread、normally spread in two weeks or less。

影響范圍

endemic影響特定群體或局部地區(qū)，如：in a certain area or among a set population.

epidemic的影響范圍較大，amongst a large number of people in a given population。

pandemic的影響范圍更大，It stretches over a larger area, infects more people and causes more deaths than an epidemic.甚至在全世界范圍內(nèi)流行（worldwide spread）。（來源：紅板磚開發(fā)信）

以上內(nèi)容屬作者個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，不代表雨果網(wǎng)立場(chǎng)！本文經(jīng)原作者授權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)載，轉(zhuǎn)載需經(jīng)原作者授權(quán)同意。